Dams and Reservoirs Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Dams and Reservoirs - Essay Example The final choice of the dam will be made after the consideration of these factors. In the study, the factors that affect the selection of the type of dam and the dam type to be constructed on different foundations will be discussed accordingly. Topography includes the surface configuration of the dam site, the area of the reservoir, the accessibility of construction materials and the source. The topography of an area determines the type of dam to be constructed. Geotechnical and geological structure of the dam site refers to the condition of the foundation which depends upon the thickness and geological strata that will carry the weight of the dam, their permeability and inclination and the relation to the underlying strata and faults. The foundation will be responsible for the choice to a certain extent, although it can be modified, taking the height of the dam into consideration. Availability of construction materials is the reduction of transportation expense for construction materials, especially those in large quantities will have an effect in the reduction of the total cost of the project. Therefore, the most economical type of dam is the one for which the construction materials exists within a distance from the site . ... In the choice of a dam, the size of spillway and the natural restrictions in its location are the controlling factor in the selection of a dam. is the most important factor in the selection of the type of dam to be constructed. But further estimates and alternatives are given considerations to fulfil this factor. Environment and public pinion plays a major influence on the type of dam for construction. For maximum protection, the principal influence of the environmental laws and regulations on the selection of the type of dam is in need for the environment that can affect the dimensions, location, the location of spillway and additional facilities. The possibility of flood inundation during construction, is the possibility of flood overflow during construction would favour a concrete dam. In the economical condition of a country, the amount of production of cement, pozzolan and steel, which are parallel to the industrial development of a country, is a factor in the selection of the t ype of dam to be constructed. Climate and time available for construction means that the design of dams are usually affected by climate, because of the importance of the weather during the construction of the dam. Non availability of side personnel with particular skills, refers to the lack of skilled contractors in the site. In seismicity, earthquake induced damages in dams are very few. Due to the fact that people tend to live in the floodplain downstream of dams, it would be very essential to increase precaution to the selection of the type of dam to be built. Height of the Dam is a very important factor in the selection of dams. Earthfill with toe drains was used for large dam in the past, but it should have been used to low dams in low

Social Psychology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Social Psychology - Essay Example the study o f how behavior due to one sort of environmental event (larger distant or abstract rewards) may come to dominate behavior due to another sort (smaller immediate or particular rewards)†(Rachlin,2000,p.25).Self discipline is also a concept, which is closely related to self control. It is taming oneself, to live a certain way of life. This concept is mainly incorporated by the person in his life, when he wants to achieve a particular task. Mostly, self control is seen as an individual trait and as a measure of self discipline. If a person lacks self control, it is seen as a failure of his character and personality. Self control is the capability of a person to motivate him to do the right thing. It can also be described as stopping ourselves form doing things that we see as bad for us. Self control constitutes a fundamental aspect of human behavior. Self discipline is another name for self control, without which the life of individuals would lead to chaos. Every habit embedded in the human mind is the result of continuous action .So by controlling a behavior he can form or avoid a habit. It can be very well said that, self control is the strong foundation for the building of character in a person. The degree to which an individual think he has control over the events happening to him, is termed as locus of control. â€Å"Internal versus external control, often referred to as locus of control, refers to the degree to which persons expect that reinforcement or an outcome of the behavior is contingent on their own behavior or personal characteristics versus the degree to which person expect that the reinforcement or outcome is a function of chance, luck or fate, is under the control of powerful other, or is simply unpredictable†(Scrimla,Grimaldi ,2002,p.381).People having high locus of control, have a better control on their behavior and desires. These people direct their life in their own designed path, with their own controlled actions and behavior.